Effects of Priming to Some Physiological Parameters on Winter Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

The study was conducted to determine effects of seed priming to physiological parameters (PP) at drought conditions (DC) on bread wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L., Altay 2000 and Kirac 66) at Selcuk University Agricultural Faculty Controlled Climate Chamber and Physiology Laboratory. Effects of seed priming on PP measured using randomized plot design with three replications, two bread wheat cultivars (Altay 2000 and Kirac 66),  five treatments (Control, 0,1% NaCl, 0,5% KH₂PO₄, 2% KCl and H₂O), two sampling times (7th and 14th days after emergence) and two conditions [drought(DC) and normal(NC)]. Seeds were soaked solutions for twelve hours, then were dried till back to untreated moisture level by mixing at room conditions and sowed NC (irrigated as needed) and DC (soil saturated with 25% distilled water for 48 hours) pots. Seeds without treatment were used as control group. Seventh and fourteenth days after emergence physiological parameters [(chlorophyll content (CC), stomatal conductance (SC), photosynthetic efficiency (PE), proline content (PC), MDA (malondialdehyde)] were determined. MDA level at DC is (37, 62 nmol/g) higher than NC (32, 17 nmol/g). At NC except MDA and PC, all parameters increased. PC level of plant materials at DC (9, 44 µmol/g) was significantly higher than PC of NC (4, 76 µmol/g). Seedlings from primed seeds, better adapted to DC. Seedlings grew primed seeds have more CC, less MDA. CC of Altay 2000 at DC (38, 96 spad) significantly decreased compared to NC (48, 92 spad). The same situation was came across with Kirac 66 also (DC; 34, 69 spad; NC; 47, 38 spad). Generally response of seedlings Altay 2000 to priming was better than Kirac 66. According to results, it is observed that seed priming is a practical method, can be used drought areas. Pre-treatment is an alternative method that can trigger resistance towards water deficit conditions.